1.4.1 Modals



The modal auxiliaries


Els verbs auxiliars modals són can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must i ought. Tots (tret d'ought) es formen seguint l'esquema verb modal + infinitiu tot sol, p. ex.:


I can swim. Error: I can to swim
(Sé nedar.)

 

They should listen. Error: They should to listen
(Haurien d'escoltar.)

 

You must come. Error: You must to come
(Has de venir.)

 



Quan es fa servir el verb ought, l'esquema que se segueix és verb modal + to + infinitiu, p. ex.:


You ought to go.
(Te n'hauries d'anar.)


Els auxiliars modals són verbs incomplets: no tenen infinitiu i no tenen una forma diferent per a la tercera persona singular en el present. Per tant, no hi ha formes com ara:


Es diu: She will be able to come. Error: She will can come.
(Ella podrà venir.)

 

Es diu: They will have to work. Error: They will must work.
(Elles hauran de treballar.)

 



Tampoc hi ha formes com les que us presentem a continuació:


Es diu: She can come. Error: She cans come.
(Ella pot venir.)

 

Es diu: He must work. Error: He musts work.
(Ell ha de treballar.)

 



Les formes negatives es formen amb not, i algunes tenen una forma contracta (contraction):



     

Vegeu

can

cannot / can not

can't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition
Ability and capacity

could

could not

couldn't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition
Possibility, probability and certainty

will

will not

won't

Future
Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition

shall

shall not

shan't

Future

should

should not

shouldn't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition

would

would not

wouldn't

Conditionals

may

may not

 

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition

might

might not

mightn't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition

must

must not

mustn't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition
Possibility, probability and certainty

ought

ought not

oughtn't

Permission, Advice, Obligation and prohibition